A new nationwide study has sent shockwaves through the environmental testing industry: PFAS contamination has been detected in 95% of downstream rivers and streams sampled across the United States. This major report, released by the Waterkeeper Alliance in collaboration with Cyclopure Inc., tested 122 sites across 34 U.S. states and the District of Columbia.
The findings show that rivers and streams located downstream from wastewater treatment plants and fields where sludge was applied are carrying unsafe levels of PFAS – toxic chemicals known as “forever chemicals” because of their persistence in the environment and human body.
In one example from Michigan, PFAS levels in surface water were 5,100% higher downstream compared to upstream, highlighting the significant role treated sludge plays in polluting water bodies.
What are PFAS and Why Are They Harmful?
PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are synthetic chemicals found in thousands of consumer and industrial products, including firefighting foam, nonstick cookware, food packaging, medical device coatings, and textiles.
While effective for repelling oil and water, PFAS are highly persistent and toxic. They accumulate in the human body and have been linked to serious health problems such as cancer, liver damage, thyroid disorders, hormonal disruption, developmental delays, and reduced immune response.
The EPA has determined that even exposure to levels as low as 4 parts per trillion (ppt) of PFOA and PFOS – two of the most common PFAS compounds – can pose health risks. These are now enforceable standards under updated 2025 federal regulations.
Why This Matters to Environmental Testing Labs
This study reinforces the urgent need for accurate and consistent PFAS testing. For labs like CMDC Labs, this presents both a responsibility and an opportunity.
Our services help municipalities, agricultural sites, and private facilities understand their contamination risks and meet their compliance requirements. PFAS are increasingly becoming part of environmental and safety audits, and clients are expected to stay ahead of the regulations.
This study confirms that traditional sludge management techniques are not eliminating chemical contamination risks. More advanced testing methods are needed – and more frequently than before.
The Current Regulatory Landscape
The EPA has finalized national drinking water standards for six PFAS compounds, including PFOA and PFOS at 4 ppt, with compliance deadlines for utilities and water systems. Several U.S. states, such as Michigan, North Carolina, and New York, have gone even further with state-specific thresholds and testing requirements.
Additionally, lawsuits have increased against manufacturers and municipalities failing to disclose or mitigate PFAS contamination. As regulation tightens, compliance is no longer optional.
How CMDC Labs Helps
CMDC Labs provides certified PFAS testing services using EPA-approved methods, including Method 537.1 and Method 533. We serve a wide range of sectors including:
- Public water systems
- Agricultural fields and farms
- Private industries and manufacturers
- Real estate developers and engineering firms
- Schools, hospitals, and private institutions
We offer testing for groundwater, surface water, biosolids, and wastewater. Results are presented with full compliance mapping to both federal and state thresholds. We also assist in tracking contamination sources and offering data-based guidance for mitigation.
Implications for Cities, Industry, and Startups
For municipalities, this study acts as a wake-up call to increase monitoring of downstream water systems. For manufacturers, food producers, and biotech startups, PFAS contamination in water can create regulatory setbacks and brand damage. Environmental due diligence is no longer just a technical process — it’s a financial and reputational safeguard.
What Comes Next
PFAS contamination will remain in the spotlight in the months to come. Public agencies, developers, and private labs will be expected to act with urgency and transparency. At CMDC Labs, we recommend:
- Performing regular PFAS testing in potentially affected zones
- Using certified laboratories with method-specific expertise
- Educating internal teams about EPA enforcement and documentation
- Publishing and archiving test data as part of sustainability efforts
Final Thoughts
This recent study should not cause panic — it should trigger preparation. PFAS are here to stay, but proactive monitoring and testing can help control their impact.
CMDC Labs remains committed to delivering reliable, regulatory-aligned PFAS testing services that give you clarity and control over your environmental responsibilities.
To learn more or request a consultation, visit cmdclabs.com or contact our team.
Verified Sources:
FDA.gov – PFAS Recall & Standards
The Guardian – PFAS Contamination Study (Published July 5, 2025)
Cyclopure Inc. – Waterkeeper Alliance Project Data
EPA.gov – PFAS Health Advisory and MCL Rule (2025 Update)
